3/31/2023 0 Comments Splice 2 wikipedia![]() The production of alternatively spliced mRNAs is regulated by a system of trans-acting proteins that bind to cis-acting sites on the primary transcript itself. In this mode, a particular exon may be included in mRNAs under some conditions or in particular tissues, and omitted from the mRNA in others. There are numerous modes of alternative splicing observed, of which the most common is exon skipping. Īlternative splicing enables the regulated generation of multiple mRNA and protein products from a single gene. In humans, it is widely believed that ~95% of multi-exonic genes are alternatively spliced to produce functional alternative products from the same gene but many scientists believe that most of the observed splice variants are due to splicing errors and the actual number of biologically relevant alternatively spliced genes is much lower. Consequently, the proteins translated from alternatively spliced mRNAs usually contain differences in their amino acid sequence and, often, in their biological functions (see Figure).īiologically relevant alternative splicing occurs as a normal phenomenon in eukaryotes, where it increases the number of proteins that can be encoded by the genome. ![]() This means the exons are joined in different combinations, leading to different (alternative) mRNA strands. In this process, particular exons of a gene may be included within or excluded from the final, processed messenger RNA (mRNA) produced from that gene. Protein A includes all of the exons, whereas Proteins B and C result from exon skipping.Īlternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins. Alternative splicing produces three protein isoforms.
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